अहं फलं खादामि
स: पुस्तकं पठति
In this sentences फलं पुस्तकं these words are कर्म
To represent कर्म (object) द्वितीया विभक्ति is used.
नदीम् उभयत: वृक्षा: सन्ति
नेतारम् परित: जना: सन्ति
In these sentences उभयत: परित: are used and the word around which or to both sides of which is shown by द्वितीया विभक्ती
सा सखीम् आव्हयति।
बालक: जननीम् पश्यति
कृषक: धेनुं ग्रामं नयति( द्विकर्मक)
द्वितीया विभक्ति or Accusative Case of the noun-form represents the "to what", "to whom" or "to where" of the sentence.
In other words nominative case represents the object or कर्म (karma) of the sentence.
रामः वनं गच्छति (Rama goes to the forest)
In this sentence, रामः is the subject and वनं is the object. Being the subject, रामः is in प्रथमा विभक्ति. वनं is in द्वितीया विभक्ति.
2. बाला पुस्तकं पठति (Girl reads the book)
In this sentence, बाला is the subject and पुस्तकं is the object. Being the subject, बाला is in प्रथमा विभक्ति. पुस्तकं is in द्वितीया विभक्ति
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